Trichophyton indotineae is an emerging pathogen in India: A review article

Abstract

Background: A superficial fungal infection that affects the skin, hair, and nails is
called dermatophytosis. It is brought on by dermatophytes, which are filamentous
fungi that live by eating keratin and are members of the genera Trichophyton,
Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Tinea corporis (trunk), tinea cruris (groin), tinea
faciei (face), tinea manuum (hands), and tinea pedis (foot) are dermatophytosis
variations that impact the epidermis. Both tinea barbae (beard) and tinea capitis
(scalp) can be caused by infections that affect the hair follicle. Emergence of
Antifungal Resistance: Numerous topical and oral antifungal medications can be
used as solo or combination therapy to treat dermatophytosis, depending on its
severity and extent. Because of its safer profile and fewer side effects, topical
treatment is the recommended choice whenever possible and can effectively handle
the majority of tinea corporis cases. Terbinafine Resistance: Clinical evidence of T.
indotineae’s terbinafine resistance was first noted when the dermatophytosis
worsened despite receiving appropriate oral antifungal therapy and did not improve
with treatment. This could be because the corresponding dermatophytes are less
sensitive in vitro or have developed resistance to it. Conclusions: The mutations that
might make T. indotineae, and mycotic strains in general, more resistant to the
treatments that are currently accessible are still mostly unknown. Essentially, the goal
for the future is to provide individualized care for every patient by customizing
therapy as much as feasible.